Historical Growth

 

The historical growth of IC computing power has profoundly changed the way we create, process, communicate, and store information. The engine of this phenomenal growth is the ability to shrink transistor dimensions every few years. Remember when cell phone look like these we could call text and having a 6 megabyte of memory which was actually small maker at that time after that cell phone got faster and faster slimmer and slimmer and probable we upgrade our phone in every couple of years and this incremental technological progress you’ll are participating for years hinges on one key tran i.e Moore’s law .

       

This trend, known as Moore’s law, has continued for the past 50 years. The predicted demise of Moore’s law has been repeatedly proven wrong thanks to technological breakthroughs (e.g., optical resolution enhancement techniques, high-k metal gates, multi-gate transistors, fully depleted ultra-thin body technology, and 3-D wafer stacking). However, it is projected that in one or two decades, transistor dimensions will reach a point where it will become uneconomical to shrink them any further, which will eventually result in the end of the CMOS scaling roadmap. This blog will discusses the potential and limitations of several post-CMOS candidates currently being pursued by the device community.

The speed of light is finite and constant, and provides a natural limitation on the number of computations that can be processed in a second via a single transistor, as the information cannot be passed quicker than a speed of light. Currently bits are modeled by electrons travelling through transistors, thus the speed of computation is limited by the speed of electron moving through matter. Wires and transistors are characterized by capacitance C (capacity to store electrons) and resistance R (how much they resist flow of the current). With miniaturization R goes up and C goes down and it becomes more difficult to perform correct computations.

Going further with miniaturization we will bump into Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, which limits precision at the quantum level, thus limiting our computational capabilities. It was calculated that solely based upon uncertainty principle Moore’s law will come to a dead end by 2036. thus considering these facts and calculations one can say the end for cmos and apparently near But still the future remains a mystery,